Unit3It’s important to know your objectives on a business trip,and to set out with those goals in mind and how to accomplish them.But along the way,something rather amazing happens when you travel on business.You may go to some pretty amazing places,and get chances to see things you would have never sought out on your own.翻译：了解出差的目的，出发时牢记目标并清楚如何达成目标，这些都是很重要的。但在途中也会发生一些有趣的事情。你可能会去到一些令人惊叹的地方，有机会看到你自己可能永远都发现不了的东西。Business trips don’t have to be all about business.There are times when you have completed your work and you can take in some of the local color,attractions and good food.The first resource to find out what is really cool to enjoy in the city or town you are visiting is the locals. If you go to a faraway town to conduct business with a partner or vendor, they are often more than happy to show you the lay of the land and what is fun to see and do in the town.翻译：商务旅行不必都是生意。
完成工作后，就可以去领略一下地方特色，参观当地的风景名胜，品尝当地的美味佳肴。如果想要了解出差城市里有些什么真正好玩的东西，第一大资源就睡当地居民。如果你去一个很远的城市与合伙人或卖家谈生意，他们会非常乐意带你去了解当地的环境，去好玩的去处做有意思的事。5. To find those unique events in town that not many know about, you can read the local paper and look for those little local culture or arts papers. They will carry details of festivals going on around the area as well as what is happening in the clubs and theaters. You may find a regional celebration not far away that you can be part of, and pretend to be a local for a few hours and have plenty of fun along the way.翻译：要想了解当地不为外人所知的特色活动，你可以阅读地方报纸，翻阅当地的文化艺术小报。
这些报纸除了登载俱乐部及影剧院正在举办的活动之外，还会有周边地区详细的节庆活动介绍。你可能会发现没多远就有地区性的庆祝活动，而你则可以权作一回当地人，好好玩上几个小时。Unit4Charging for products and services has become a way of life. No longer do people bring cash when they buy a sweater or an appliance, they charge it. Some people do it for the convenience of not carrying cash; others do it so they can purchase an item they cannot yet afford. The credit card that allows them to do this is a 20th century invention.翻译：记账购买产品和服务已成为一种生活方式。人们不再带现金去购买毛衣或电器，而是记账消费。有些人这么做是因为不带现金很方便，另一些人则是因为可以购买自己暂时买不起的东西。
人们之所以能这么做是因为有了信用卡——一项20世纪的发明。In the early 20th century, charge accounts became popular. With automobiles and airplanes, people now had the option to travel to a variety of stores for their shopping needs. In an effort to capture customer loyalty, many stores and gas stations began to offer charge accounts for their customers which could be accessed by a card. Unfortunately, people needed to carry dozens of these cards if they were to do a day of shopping.翻译：20世纪早期，记账账户流行了起来。有了汽车和飞机，人们可以选择去很多不同的商店以满足购物需求。
为了赢得客户忠诚度，许多商店和加油站开始为顾客提供记账账户，账户通过一张卡来使用。遗憾的是，人们要想逛一天街，那就得带上许多这样的卡。7. Instead of individual companies offering credit to their own customers, the Diners Club offered credit to individuals for many companies. The companies who accepted the Diners Club credit card were charged 7 percent for each transaction while the subscribers to the card were charged a $3 annual fee. In the beginning, progress was difficult. However, the concept of the card grew and by the end of 1950, 20,000 people were using the Diners Club credit card.翻译：与每家公司独自为其客户提供信用不同的是，食客俱乐部代表多家公司为个人提供信用。
接受食客俱乐部信用卡的公司每笔交易缴纳7%的手续费，信用卡使用者则需缴纳3美元的年费。起初，这项业务举步维艰。然而，这种信用卡概念逐渐普及开来。到了1950年底，已有两万人在使用食客俱乐部的信用卡。Unit5The ice cream now comes in many different flavors and is a “super-premium” brand, meaning it is quite dense (very little air is mixed in during manufacture), uses only egg yolks, and has a high butterfat content. Haagen-Dazs is also meant to be kept at a temperature that is substantially lower than most ice creams in order to keep its intended firmness. It is sold both in grocery stores and in dedicated retail outlets.翻译：今天哈根达斯冰淇淋口味有多种，是一个顶级品牌。
哈根达斯品牌代表着其冰淇淋非常醇厚（在制作过程中几乎没有空气混入），制作时仅使用蛋黄，并且乳脂含量很高。这同时也意味着哈根达斯冰淇淋的存放温度要比大多数品牌低很多，为的就是保持冰淇淋的硬度。哈根达斯产品在杂货店和专营零售店里都有销售。The name of Haagen-Dazs does not derive from any of the North Germanic languages; it is simply two made-up words meant to look Scandinavian to American eyes (the “aa” and “zs” are not a part of any native words in any of the Scandinavian languages). This is known in the marking industry as foreign branding. Mattus thought that Denmark was known for its dairy products and had a positive image in the US. He included an outline map of Demark on early labels, as well as the name of Copenhagen.翻译：哈根达斯是名字并非来源于北日耳曼语：它仅仅是两个自创的单词，为的是让美国人觉得它像斯堪的纳威亚语（其中的“aa”和“zs”并非任何斯堪的纳威亚语单词中的字母组合）。
这在销售行业中被称为品牌异国化。马特斯认为丹麦的乳制品非常出名，并且在美国有一个正面的形象，于是他将丹麦的地图以及哥本哈根的名字放在了早期的商标上。To this day, Haagen-Dazs remains committed to developing exceptional new super premium frozen dessert experience, releasing new flavors every year.翻译：时至今日，哈根达斯仍致力于开发顶级的冰冻甜品全新体验，每年都退出不同的新口味。Unit62. Recalls are costly to a company because they often entail replacing the recalled product or paying for damage cased in use. In addition, there is also indirect cost following damage to a brand name and reduced trust in the manufacturer. A good example id the recall of over 500,000 Toyota Tundra pickup trucks, which had a steering problem, forcing the manufacturer to attempt to right the problem.翻译：对于公司来说产品召回需要付出高昂的代价，因为公司通常要替换被召回的产品或赔偿消费者因使用该产品受到的伤害。
一个典型的例子就是丰田公司曾召回超过50万辆坦途牌轻型货车：由于转向装置存在问题，生产商不得不采取行动纠正这一错误。3．A country’s consumer protection laws usually have specific requirements in regard to product recalls. Such regulations may include how much of the cost the maker will have to bear, situations in which a recall is compulsory, or penalties for failure to recall. A company may also initiate a recall voluntarily, subject to the same regulations. Suppliers are encouraged to voluntarily recall a product as soon as a defect is found. It is in the best interest of the suppliers to make sure that these products are effectively removed or prevent from reaching the market place.翻译：一个国家的消费者保护法对于产品召回他通常都有具体的要求。
这些法规涉及制造商应承担的损失、那些情况下必须召回产品，以及制造商不召回产品将所面临的处罚。公司也会主动召回产品，但需要遵从上述相同的法规。一旦发现产品存在缺陷，供应商最好能主动召回产品。有效确保这些产品不在市场上流通也是最符合供应商利益的。4.When it becomes apparent that a product is likely to cause injury or health problems to a person, the supplier should take the necessary steps required to recall the product and control the risk. A product can be recalled at three levels: wholesale, retail and individual consumer. After assessing the product distribution in the market place, the supplier should determine the levels of product recalls. Determination of the level of recalls is dependent on how far the product has penetrated the market from the supplier. An individual consumer recall is the most serious and extensive type and involves recovery of the product from individual consumers.翻译：当某种产品明显可能造成人身伤害或危及消费者健康时，供应商应遵从必要的步骤召回产品以控制风险。
产品召回可分为三个层面：批发商、零售商及单个消费者。供应商在评估完产品在市场的流通情况后，就应该觉得从哪个层面上召回产品。产品召回的层面取决于其在市场的渗透情况。从单个消费者层面召回产品最为严重，涉及范围也最广，需要从每位消费者手中收回产品。Unit1Each day, many people are looking for trends in workplace clothing, so that they can “fit in” with the fashionable or well-dressed crowd. They believe that dressing in the latest fashion trends may give them the reputation of being fashionable and trendy. While it is more than possible to do this, you need to display caution.翻译：许多人每天都在捕捉职场时装的潮流，以便能与那些衣着时尚得体的人们步调一致。他们认为按最新潮流穿衣打扮能为自己赢得时尚和时髦的好名声。
尽管这样做合情合理，你还是要小心谨慎。 3． But the truth is that there are many more cons of relying on workplace fashion trends than there are pros. For instance, workplace fashion trends do not always distinguish between jobs and careers. If you work at a trendy coffer shop or retail store, chances are that the dress code would be casual clothing. However, if you work at a low office or an insurance company, you may be required to dress more professionally. Unfortunately, many workplace fashion trends are designed for the working population in general, not specific careers. This is where you can run into trouble if you are not careful.翻译：然而事实上这种追随弊大于利。例如，职场时装潮流往往不区分工作和职业。在一家新潮的咖啡馆或零售店工作，着装要求很可能是休闲服。而在一家法律或保险公司上班，着装则需要更职业化。不幸的是，很多职场新潮时装是为工作中的一般大众而设计，而非为特定